Is an obstruction of the flow of urine from the renal pelvis to the ureter, hence causing urine to build up leading to Hydronephrosis ( enlargement of kidney pelvis or damage to the kidneys).
Causes:
Congenital abnormalities are the leading causes Ureteropelvic Junction ( UPJ ) Obstruction, other factors include compression of the ureter by inflammation, kidney stones, scar tissue or tumors.
Symptoms:
Recurrent UTI’s with fever, pain in the abdomen or back, blood in urine, vomiting and poor growth in infants are the symptoms
Diagnosis:
Blood and urine samples are taken to check the blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels to find the kidney functions. Imaging studies such as ultrasound, CT, and MRI to confirm the UPJ obstruction.
IVP and Nuclear Scan in which a dye or radioactive agent is injected into the bloodstream then series of X– rays are taken to see the kidneys, renal pelvis, and ureters.
The classical management in pediatric for UPJ obstruction is a surgical procedure called pyeloplasty.
Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty:
In this the ureter pelvic junction is removed and ureter is reattached to the pelvis of the kidney to create a wide opening by using a surgical robot to guide the tools through a small incision in the abdominal wall.
Open surgery:
Pyeloplasty is performed by a cut of 2 to 3 inches below the ribs and the Uretero Pelvic Junction Obstruction is removed then the ureters are reattached to the renal pelvis.
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